Article 86

Article 86 of Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 establishes, for persons affected by decisions based on high-risk AI systems listed in Annex III with legal effects or significant impact, the right to obtain from the deployer 'clear and meaningful explanations of the role of the AI system in the decision-making procedure and the main elements of the decision taken'. It is the right to substantive explanation, in overlap with Article 15(1)(h) of the GDPR and with the CJEU's case law in Dun & Bradstreet. Appears in Opening the Black Box as the core of the argument about what can today, technically, be given as substantive explanation, the direct object of mechanistic interpretability research.